Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are used for heating or cooling of liquids or gases. One medium flows through the outer shell, while a second medium flows through a tube or tube bundle. The heat exchangers can be single-phase or two-phase, with the latter being used to boil or condense fluids. Alfa Laval provides compact shell-and-tube heat exchangers for a wide range of duties, using innovative designs and enhanced tube surfaces to ensure high thermal performance and reliability.